Biometric Study Shows the Advantage of Pet Acoustics Music in Reducing Canine Stress Compared to Classical Music and No-Music in a Kennel Environment.
Understanding and addressing auditory stress is vital for promoting canine welfare. By recognising the sources and impacts of auditory stress, and implementing strategies to mitigate it, we can improve the quality of life for dogs, particularly those in high[1]stress environments like shelters and kennels. Reducing auditory environmental stress not only enhances the well-being of dogs but also fosters better human-animal relationships and supports overall animal welfare.
Auditory stress in dogs can originate from various sources, including loud noises, sudden sounds, and continuous background noise, all of which can be prevalent in high[1]density environments. Chronic exposure to these stressors can lead to behavioural issues, anxiety, and even physical health problems in dogs. Recognising these stressors and their impacts is the first step towards mitigating them. Strategies such as soundproofing kennels, introducing calming music, and providing quiet spaces for rest can significantly alleviate stress. Implementing these measures not only improves the immediate well-being of the dogs but also aids in their long[1]term emotional and physical health, making them more adaptable and well-adjusted. Managing auditory stress ensures a more humane and supportive environment, ultimately leading to stronger bonds between humans and their canine companions.
Introduction
The purpose of this six-week study was to support canine welfare by helping canines to manage auditory and behavioural stress through the most effective sound intervention for calming. Canine Auditory Sensitivity Dogs can hear frequencies ranging from approximately 40 Hz to 60,000 Hz, which is significantly broader than the human hearing range of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. This heightened sensitivity allows dogs to detect sounds, such as high-frequency noises emitted by electronic and ultrasonic devices, and other animals. However, it also means that dogs are more vulnerable to auditory stress from loud, sudden, or continuous noises as well as ultra-high and sub-low frequencies not being audible by humans.
Environmental Noise
Environmental noise is a common source of auditory stress for dogs. Sounds such as traffic, construction, fireworks, thunderstorms, and appliances can cause significant stress and anxiety in dogs. Studies have shown that noise phobia, particularly fear of thunderstorms and fireworks, is a prevalent issue among dogs, leading to behaviours such as trembling, hiding, barking, and destructive behaviour (Blackwell et al., 2013).
Kennel and Shelter Environments
Dogs housed in kennels and shelters are often exposed to high levels of noise from barking dogs, cleaning activities, and human interactions. This constant auditory stimulation can lead to increased stress levels, manifesting in behaviours like restlessness, barking, and aggression. Research by Coppola et al. (2006) found that shelter dogs exposed to high noise levels exhibited elevated cortisol levels, indicating increased stress.
Use of Music
Playing calming music specifically designed for dogs can help reduce stress and anxiety. Research by Kogan et al. (2012) and Wells et al. (2002) has shown that classical music can have a calming effect on dogs, reducing barking and promoting restful behaviour.
Study Design
This convenient sample study employed a repeated measures design to gain biometric understanding of canine responses to music/sound interventions to diminish stress using three conditions: Pet Acoustics canine-designed music, classical music selections and no-music.
Participants A convenience sample of canines participated in the study. Canine study participants were recruited from Educated Canines Assisting with Disabilities (ECAD, Torrington, CT, US), an Assistance Dog International (ADI) accredited service dog organisation. ECAD reviewed the study for animal welfare and safety considerations and based on the non-invasive biometric monitoring parameters and non-invasive music/ sound interventions agreed to have 12 service dogs in training participate in the study.
The kennel site used for the study was a large kennel room in the E.C.A.D. facility where the service dogs in training are placed for quiet time. Each dog rested in a hard rubber crate with a large metal door grill opening, commonly used in kennels.