Anthrax has been reported as one of the most important zoonoses in terms of human health and livestock impact, amenability to agricultural interventions and severity of disease emergence, with approximately 10-100 thousand human incidences occurring annually throughout the world.  Many of the cases go unreported due to lack of awareness and improper monitoring, especially in developing nations. Dr. Pankaj Dhaka, Ph. D. Scholar at the Indian Veterinary Research Institute, and Dr. Deepthi Vijay, Assistant Professor at the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences in Kerala, India, describe how a proper understanding of the causative agent, nature of the disease and its transmission are the priority to combat the endemicity of this disease.